量化道德基础词汇在儿童语言发展中的出现
Aida Ramezani1, Emmy Liu2, Spike W S Lee3,4
1Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada.
PNAS nexus
|August 21, 2024
概括
儿童的道德语言很早就出现了,关心和公平的词出现在权威或忠诚的词之前. 这种语言发展有助于计算模型理解道德判断.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 伦理哲学的道德哲学
背景情况:
- 理论上,道德是建立在核心模块化基础上的.
- 之前的研究探讨了儿童时期的概念道德发展.
- 通过语言的道德基础的出现仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 通过语言分析研究道德基础的发展性出现.
- 分析幼儿语言中的道德基础词典.
- 将道德语言的发展与道德的计算模型联系起来.
主要方法:
- 在儿童监护人对话 (1-6岁) 中对道德基础词典的纵向分析.
- 收集了1371个人类注释的道德陈述,并自动注释了100万个陈述.
- 利用计算方法进行大规模的语言数据分析.
主要成果:
- 个性化的道德基础 (关怀/伤害,公平/欺骗) 比约束性基础 (权威/颠覆,忠诚/背叛,纯洁/堕落) 早些时候和更频繁地出现.
- 与其他道德基础相比,关心/伤害相关的单词被表达的频率明显高.
- 语音数据使计算模型能够预测新情景的道德判断.
结论:
- 早期的语言沟通揭示了道德基础的独特发展轨迹.
- 儿童时代的语言模式提供了关于道德推理的出现的见解.
- 这项研究在道德语言的学习和对道德的计算方法之间建立了新的联系.
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