在斯里兰卡的医疗保健工作者中潜伏结核病的危险因素
Niludi Ranwanee Yasaratna1, Manuj Chrishantha Weerasinghe2
1Department of Community Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medicine, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
WHO South-East Asia journal of public health
|August 21, 2024
概括
40岁以上的医疗保健工作者 (HCW),长期服务和不良的感染控制实践面临潜在结核病感染 (LTBI) 的更高风险. 实施加强的保护措施和查对于HCW安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 潜在结核病感染 (LTBI) 管理是斯里兰卡的国家政策,重点关注像医疗保健工作者 (HCW) 等高风险群体.
- 鉴定HCW中LTBI的风险因素对于有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在斯里兰卡政府医院的医疗保健工作者 (HCW) 中识别与潜伏结核病感染 (LTBI) 相关的潜在风险因素.
- 为HCWs制定有效的感染控制和预防计划提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在科伦坡八家政府医院的256名HCW (128例,128例对照) 中进行了一项病例控制研究.
- 使用结核素皮肤测试 (TST) 确定潜伏结核病感染 (LTBI),病例被定义为TST阳性 (≥10毫米),对照被定义为TST阴性.
- 采用多重物流回归分析来确定LTBI的重大风险因素.
主要成果:
- 在HCW中,LTBI的重大风险因素包括年龄≥40岁 (AOR=2.4),服役时间≥6年 (AOR=2.92),不保持身体距离 (AOR=2.83),以及不戴面罩与结核病患者 (AOR=3.55).
- 医院环境中的结核病感染控制实践不足也成为一个显著的风险因素 (AOR=3.47).
结论:
- 调查结果强调需要改善感染控制措施,并为结核病预防提供针对性培训.
- 建议包括提供足够的个人防护装备,并在高压工人中实施LTBI的系统查,以减轻职业风险.
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