母亲的特征和婴儿出生小的妊娠年龄的患病率
Liangcheng Xiang1,2, Xiaohong Li1,2,3, Yi Mu1
1National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
JAMA network open
|August 21, 2024
概括
在中国,婴儿出生小于妊娠年龄 (SGA) 的患病率从2012年的7.3%下降到2020年的5.3%. 教育和产前访问等母亲因素的变化导致了这一下降,突出显示了对初级预防策略的需求.
科学领域:
- 围产期流行病学 围产期流行病学
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
背景情况:
- 对于妊娠年龄 (SGA) 出生的婴儿面临新生儿死亡率和长期不良结果的风险增加.
- 在过去十年中,中国母亲人口结构的显著变化可能会影响SGA的患病率.
研究的目的:
- 分析2012年至2020年中国SGA流行趋势.
- 调查母亲社会人口统计特征与SGA患病率之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 采用中国国家孕产妇近亲小姐监测系统 (2012-2020) 的数据进行的横截面研究.
- 分析包括超过1260万个独生子活产,检查分娩,母亲和新生儿的特征.
- 统计方法包括逻辑线性波桑回归和费利分解来评估患病率变化和促成因素.
主要成果:
- 总体上,SGA患病率从2012年的7.3%下降到2020年的5.3% (每年下降3.9%).
- 严重SGA (2.0%至1.2%) 和轻度/中度SGA (5.3%至4.1%) 的患病率下降,严重病例和西部/中部地区的患病率下降更快.
- 孕产妇教育,年龄,产前访问和性别平等的变化占观察到的下降的三分之二;先前存在的孕产妇条件部分抵消了这一趋势.
结论:
- 在2012年至2020年期间,母亲的特征性转变对中国SGA患病率的下降作出了重大贡献.
- 初级预防策略对于未来的干预措施至关重要,旨在减少怀孕年龄较小的婴儿的发生率.
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