增加警觉性和适度的群体内凝聚力在波诺博对外部群体暗示的反应中
James Brooks1,2,3, Karlijn van Heijst1, Amanda Epping4
1Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
PloS one
|August 21, 2024
概括
感知到来自外部群体的威胁可以团结博诺博,类似于人类. 这项研究发现,当听到不熟悉的男性博诺博声调时,博诺博表现出更多的社交修饰和警行为,这表明集团内凝聚力的古代起源.
科学领域:
- 灵长类动物的行为
- 进化人类学的进化人类学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 在各种物种中,包括人类,被感知到的外群威胁往往会加强群体内凝聚力.
- 这种现象的进化历史和跨物种分布,特别是与群体间动态的关系,尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查博动物是否在感知外群威胁的线索时,在他们的群体内表现出增加的附属行为.
- 为了比较红黑猩猩的反应与黑猩猩的类似研究,探索这种协会的潜在祖先起源.
主要方法:
- 研究了8个被囚禁的波诺博群体 (N=43个个体).
- 与对照条件相比,暴露在不熟悉的男性远距离发声中作为外组暗示器.
- 观察和记录关联行为 (例如,社交理),警觉姿势和自我指导的行为.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,博诺博在外组条件下显示了社会修饰的统计学上显著增加.
- 在响应外组线索时,警觉姿势和自我指导行为的增加也被观察到.
- 观察到的外组线索与内组凝聚力之间的关联比之前的黑猩猩研究更弱.
结论:
- 提供了初步证据,表明外组线索与内组凝聚力之间的关联可能有祖先的根源,可以追溯到泛人类分裂之前.
- 这表明,群体间的竞争可能是我们最后一个共同祖先的社会动态的一个因素.
- 突出了类动物作为研究社会凝聚力在应对外部威胁的演变的相关模型.
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