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在支式武器压缩下的克洛维斯点和前轴:模拟纪巨型动物与石岩的遭遇
R Scott Byram1, Kent G Lightfoot1,2, Jun Ueno Sunseri1,2
1Archaeological Research Facility, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 21, 2024
概括
这项研究探讨了克洛维斯点可能被用作支武器或长矛的一部分,用于狩猎北美巨型动物. 分析表明,哈夫特崩可能会提高对大型动物的武器有效性.
科学领域:
- 考古学的考古学
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 实验考古学实验考古学
背景情况:
- 历史和民族学记录记录了在晚期Holocene期间在各大洲的大型动物狩猎和防御中使用便携式支杆武器 (pikes) 的情况.
- 北美晚期普莱斯托时代的特点是巨型动物,与克洛维斯点的出现和传播相吻合,这表明可能使用类似武器.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查这一假设,克洛维斯点被用来作为支武器的组件,用于狩猎大动物和防御大食肉动物在晚期普世北美.
- 重新评估与克洛维斯点相关的骨杆的功能作用,考虑到它们在系统中作为前轴的潜力.
主要方法:
- 历史和民族学实例的使用对大型动物 (例如,狮子,美洲虎,灰熊) 的审查.
- 对克洛维斯点属性的分析以及与骨杆和巨型动物遗迹的关联.
- 进行初步静态实验,以模拟状石的机制,重点关注压缩期间的塌和点脱落.
主要成果:
- 历史数据表明,持续的压缩,而不是只是一个尖端,对于穿透皮肤或盔甲后的有效性至关重要.
- 实验建模表明,在飞设计中,前轴倒塌可能不会限制武器性能,但可能通过保留点和轴来提高武器性能.
- 克洛维斯使用的潜在考古相关物包括孤立的克洛维斯点和未被屠杀的猛象遗骸的点的度.
结论:
- 克洛维斯点的功能设计,特别是它们的状双面和形杆协会,与它们在支武器系统中的使用相一致.
- 以前被认为是弱点的林倒塌,可能是克洛维斯长矛的适应特征,改善了深入透和杀死大动物的有效性.
- 对克洛维斯遗址的进一步考古调查可能会揭示更多证据,支持在北美大型动物狩猎中广泛使用.
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