对小分子KRAS抑制剂的结构洞察力,用于向KRAS突变癌症
Divya Pandey1, Subhash C Chauhan2, Vivek K Kashyap2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
European journal of medicinal chemistry
|August 21, 2024
概括
向KRAS突变,历史上是不可抗药的,现在可以使用新的抑制剂. 药物设计的进步为KRAS驱动的癌症提供了希望,尽管存在耐药性和毒性等挑战.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 药物发现 药物发现 药物发现
背景情况:
- 基尔斯顿大鼠肉瘤病毒 (KRAS) 瘤基因在癌症中经常发生突变,导致瘤生长.
- 从历史上看,克拉斯一直是很难准的目标,因为缺乏可吸毒的口袋.
- 最近的进展使得选择性KRAS突变抑制剂的开发成为可能.
研究的目的:
- 审查KRAS途径及其在癌症中的作用.
- 讨论抑制KRAS突变的策略,包括共价抑制剂和准接口部位.
- 突出结构-活性关系 (SAR) 研究在开发新型KRAS向治疗中.
主要方法:
- 对KRAS突变和向治疗的现有文献的审查.
- 对KRAS突变体与小分子抑制剂的共同晶体结构的分析.
- 讨论用于抑制剂优化的结构-活性关系 (SAR) 研究.
主要成果:
- 开发向KRASG12C的共价抑制剂,如Sotorasib和Adagrasib,并获得FDA批准用于特定的肺癌.
- 确定耐药性,毒性和有限的疗效作为当前KRASG12C抑制剂的挑战.
- 针对其他KRAS突变和交换机I/II接口的进展,以获得更广泛的治疗应用.
结论:
- 向KRAS突变已经从"无法治疗"演变为通过创新的药物设计实现的.
- SAR研究对于优化KRAS抑制剂的亲和力,选择性和药理动力学特性至关重要.
- 对针对KRAS的新型药物的持续研究为KRAS驱动的癌症患者提供了新的希望.
相关概念视频
The Ras Gene
6.2K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
Ras is a...
6.2K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.5K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.5K
Small GTPases - Ras and Rho
3.9K
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
3.9K
Inhibition of Cdk Activity
4.7K
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
4.7K
Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design
684
Drug design is a dynamic field that involves discovering and developing new medications based on specific biological targets. This process heavily relies on structure-activity relationships (SAR) and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) to guide the design and optimization of efficient drugs.
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence...
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence...
684
Targets for Drug Action: Overview
6.1K
Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
Receptors are either membrane-spanning or intracellular proteins, which upon binding a ligand, get activated and transmit the signal downstream to elicit a response. Drugs bind receptors, either mimicking the action of endogenous ligands or blocking the receptor activity to bring about a modified response. Nearly 35% of approved drugs target the G...
Receptors are either membrane-spanning or intracellular proteins, which upon binding a ligand, get activated and transmit the signal downstream to elicit a response. Drugs bind receptors, either mimicking the action of endogenous ligands or blocking the receptor activity to bring about a modified response. Nearly 35% of approved drugs target the G...
6.1K


