肺炎球菌携带和PCV13引入后血清型分布的变化在巴基斯坦马蒂亚里的儿童中
Izn Iqbal1, Shahira Shahid1, Samiah Kanwar1
1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Vaccine
|August 21, 2024
概括
巴基斯坦用PCV13取代10肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV10) 迅速减少了儿童PCV13血清型携带. 由于疫苗选择压力,这种转变可能增加了非PCV13血清型.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 巴基斯坦在2021年初将10价值肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV10) 替换为13价值PCV13疫苗.
- 该研究旨在评估PCV13对巴基斯坦农村鼻运输血清型的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估PCV13引入对鼻运输中的肺炎球菌血清型分布的影响.
- 分析疫苗类型和非疫苗类型肺炎球菌血清型的携带流行率的变化.
主要方法:
- 2岁以下的儿童从巴基斯坦辛德省马提阿里的两个农村工会委员会被招募.
- 收集了鼻口腔拭子,并使用全基因组测序处理了分离物.
- 记录了疫苗接种史,临床和社会人口统计数据.
主要成果:
- 在200名入学儿童中,70%的儿童被检测出肺炎球菌;60.1%的儿童接受了3剂PCV13.
- PCV10携带率从13.2%降至7.2%,额外的PCV13血清型从18.5%降至11.4%.
- 非PCV13血清型从68.3%增加到81.4%,并发现显著的抗菌素耐药性.
结论:
- 将PCV10替换为PCV13导致疫苗接种儿童中PCV13血清型携带率迅速下降.
- 非PCV13血清型的患病率增加表明疫苗驱动的选择压力.
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