为中小企业所有者制定职业压力表,用于预防压力
Sumiko Kurioka1, Akihito Hagihara2, Katsuyuki Kamei3
1Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
一个新的尺度有助于评估中小企业所有者的职业压力. 调查结果突出了独特的压力因素以及工作与家庭平衡和支持对中小企业所有者的心理健康的影响.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 企业管理 企业管理
背景情况:
- 小型和中型企业 (SME) 业主面临着严重的职业压力和心理健康风险.
- 现有的职业压力表不能充分解决中小企业所有者面临的独特挑战.
- 缺乏量身定制的干预措施来支持中小企业所有者的心理健康.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证专门针对中小企业所有者的新型职业压力表.
- 确定独特的工作压力因素和影响中小企业所有者的心理健康的修改因素.
- 为这一群体开发有针对性的心理健康干预提供见解.
主要方法:
- 在全国范围内进行了一项互联网调查,对1000名日本中小企业所有者 (20-79岁) 进行了调查,他们雇佣了五名或更多人.
- 开发了一个43项规模来评估工作压力因素和修改因素 (个人,非工作,缓冲).
- 秤的有效性和可靠性经过了严格的验证.
主要成果:
- 开发的尺度确定了中小企业所有者的独特职业压力因素,与普通雇员的职业压力因素不同.
- 中小企业所有者的职业压力与心理困扰和现场主义有中度的正相关性.
- 工作与家庭之间的冲突加剧了存在主义和痛苦,而自我照顾和社会支持减轻了这些影响.
结论:
- 这种新型规模有效地评估了中小企业所有者的职业压力,为研究和实践提供了有价值的工具.
- 了解独特的中小企业所有者压力因素和修改因素的影响对于心理健康支持至关重要.
- 这些发现有助于开发基于证据的心理健康干预措施,以改善中小企业所有者的福祉.
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