人类的Shu复合物通过调节ssDNA上的RPA动态来促进RAD51活动
Sarah R Hengel1,2, Katherine G Oppenheimer3, Chelsea M Smith3,4
1University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. sarah.hengel@tufts.edu.
Nature communications
|August 21, 2024
概括
包括SWSAP1-SWS1在内的Shu复合体稳定了RAD51细丝,用于DNA修复. 这种复合体对于高保真性修复至关重要,并呈现出潜在的癌症治疗点.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- DNA 修复机制的修复机制
- 癌症治疗方法 癌症治疗方法
背景情况:
- 同类重组和复制应激依赖RAD51进行模板DNA修复.
- RAD51的活动由BRCA2和RAD51对应物,包括Shu复合物 (SWSAP1,SWS1,SPIDR) 调节.
研究的目的:
- 研究SWSAP1-SWS1复合体在RAD51介导的DNA修复中的作用.
- 为了确定SWSAP1-SWS1对RAD51灯丝稳定性和线程交换的功能影响.
- 探索针对癌症中的舒复合物的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 单分子共聚焦光显微镜和光学子用于分析RAD51-SWSAP1-SWS1相互作用.
- 评估RAD51发光线稳定性和链交换活动.
- 分析人类淘汰赛细胞系 (sgSWSAP1,sgSWS1) 对PARP和APE1抑制剂的敏感性.
- 在SWSAP1.1.中识别和描述癌症变异.
主要成果:
- SWSAP1-SWS1直接与RAD51结合,增强了线程的稳定性,并使线程交换成为可能.
- 在同类重组过程中,SWSAP1-SWS1装饰了功能性的RAD51纤维.
- SWSAP1-SWS1促进RPA在单链DNA (ssDNA) 上的扩散.
- 人体细胞中SWSAP1或SWS1的淘汰会对PARP和APE1抑制剂产生敏感性.
- 在SWSAP1中与癌症相关的变体破坏了Shu复合体的形成.
结论:
- SWSAP1-SWS1是RAD51-依赖的高保真性DNA修复的关键刺激剂.
- 舒复合体,特别是SWSAP1-SWS1,是癌症治疗的有希望的新标.
相关概念视频
Homologous Recombination
50.3K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
50.3K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks
5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.8K
Long-patch Base Excision Repair
7.0K
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
7.0K
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
9.1K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
9.1K
Nucleotide Excision Repair
3.5K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
3.5K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation
6.0K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.0K


