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可降解的活塑料是由工程子编程的

Chenwang Tang^1,2, Lin Wang¹, Jing Sun^2,3

¹Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.

Nature chemical biology

|August 21, 2024

概括

研究人员通过嵌入工程 Bacillus subtilis 子来创造"活塑料". 这些子在激活时释放酶来降解塑料,为塑料废物管理提供了可持续的解决方案.

科学领域:

合成生物学合成生物学
聚合物工程的高分子工程.
生物材料科学是生物材料的科学.

背景情况:

塑料废物由于其持久性而构成重大生态挑战.
塑料的酶降解在材料加工过程中受到酶不稳定的阻碍.
需要新的方法来制造可生物降解的塑料.

研究的目的:

通过将产生酶的微生物子集成到聚合物矩阵中来设计可降解的活塑料.
开发一种使用生物活性材料处理塑料的可持续方法.

主要方法:

工程 Bacillus subtilis 子具有表达 Burkholderia cepacia 脂酶 (BC-脂酶) 的基因电路.
将抗压子纳入聚乙烯中,以创建活体塑料材料.
通过表面侵蚀触发了子发芽和酶释放.

主要成果:

子的结合不会对聚烯酸材料的物理性质产生负面影响.
发芽子释放BC-脂酶,导致塑料的几乎完全脱聚合.
通过生物激活控制的功能性可降解塑料材料.

结论:

开发了一种用于制造可持续,可降解的活塑料的新方法.
展示了利用工程微生物子进行按需塑料生物降解的潜力.
开辟了开发环境可持续性的先进材料的途径.

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