评估加拿大的多管辖区肠道疾病爆发信息:公共卫生通知内容分析
Vayshali Patel1,2, Lauren E Grant1, Hisba Shereefdeen1,2
1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph.
Health communication
|August 22, 2024
概括
对于肠道疾病爆发的公共卫生通知 (PHN) 通常写在12年级阅读水平以上,阻碍理解. 提高清晰度和纳入健康行为模型可以提高加拿大人风险沟通的有效性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 风险沟通 风险沟通
- 卫生识字 卫生识字
背景情况:
- 有效的风险沟通对于管理肠道疾病爆发至关重要,需要为各种受众提供明确的信息,以防止暴露和疾病.
- 加拿大公共卫生署在多个司法管辖区爆发期间发布基于网络的公共卫生通知 (PHN),以告知公众.
- 评估这些PHN的可理解性对于优化联邦风险沟通战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估加拿大公共卫生署发布的公共卫生通知 (PHN) 的可理解性.
- 确定联邦风险沟通方法对肠道疾病爆发的改进领域.
- 评估PHN内部对清晰度,可读性和健康行为模型的最佳实践的遵守.
主要方法:
- 从2014-2022年对42个公开可用的基于网络的PHN进行系统审查.
- 基于疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 清晰沟通指数 (CCI) 和健康信念模型 (HBM) 的编码书的开发.
- 使用SMOG可读性计算器进行分析,以确定阅读等级水平和编码数据的描述统计数据.
主要成果:
- PHN的平均阅读等级水平明显高于12级 (13.9 ± 1.1).
- 虽然风险的性质 (100%) 和行为建议 (96.5%) 得到了明确的沟通,但积极的声音 (61.9%) 和数字信息的最佳实践 (38.1%) 应用不那么一致.
- 健康信念模型 (HBM) 仅在5.7%的PHN中被完全纳入,尽管大多数 (66.7%) 使用了六个构造中的五个.
结论:
- 公共卫生通知需要与最佳实践保持一致,以提高不同受众的理解力.
- 建议包括降低阅读等级水平,使用CCI提高清晰度,充分整合HBM构造以促进行为变化,并确保消息的一致性.
- 优化PHN可以在公共卫生紧急情况 (如肠道疾病爆发) 中进行更有效的风险沟通.
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