在地中海地区深度改造以实现净零能源建设:阿尔巴尼亚的案例研究
Lorenc Malka1, Idlir Dervishi2, Abdulhameed Babatunde Owolabi3,4,5
1Department of Energy, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Albania.
Heliyon
|August 22, 2024
概括
阿尔巴尼亚可以通过联合能源效率措施和现场可再生能源,到2030年实现近零能源建筑 (nZEB). 这一战略大大削减了国家电力进口和碳排放.
科学领域:
- 建筑科学 建筑科学
- 可再生能源系统可再生能源系统
- 能源政策 能源政策
背景情况:
- 包括阿尔巴尼亚在内的地中海国家在家庭部门脱碳方面面临挑战.
- 实现近零能源建筑 (nZEB) 需要整合能源效率和可再生能源解决方案.
- 现有的住宅建筑需要改造以满足能源性能标准.
研究的目的:
- 确定到2030年在阿尔巴尼亚的家庭部门实现nZEB的可行性.
- 分析组合主动和被动能源效率措施的影响.
- 模拟广泛采用nZEB的国家经济和环境效益.
主要方法:
- 家庭电力消耗和发电 (2021-2023) 的多变量回归分析.
- 使用RETScreen软件,使用德宾-沃森标准,将能源数据与天气参数相关联.
- 模拟场景7:墙壁绝缘,窗户更换和屋顶太阳能热水 (SWH) 面板 (3.73 m2).
主要成果:
- 一个5.5千瓦p的屋顶光伏系统可以使住宅建筑在2050年前成为正能建筑 (PEB).
- 国家实施可以将电力进口减少1.64%,每年节省约3100万欧元.
- 在国家一级估计每年减少0.068万二氧化碳排放量.
结论:
- 将被动 (绝缘,窗户更换) 和主动 (PV,SWH) 措施相结合,是实现nZEB的关键.
- 政府补贴 (3%用于被动措施) 和激励措施 (80%用于可再生能源) 对于nZEB/PEB过渡至关重要.
- 拟议的模式为阿尔巴尼亚的能源转型提供了可行的途径,产生了显著的经济和环境效益.
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