从针的两边:了解有效的干预措施,以促进非国家免疫计划的中国疫苗决策
Mingzhu Jiang1, Xuanxuan Yan1, Weixi Jiang1
1School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
|August 22, 2024
概括
有效的沟通和量身定制的战略是提高中国非国家免疫计划 (非NIP) 疫苗的接种率的关键. 了解提供者和护理人员的观点可以改善疫苗接种决策和公共卫生结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
背景情况:
- 接种疫苗的决定是复杂的,受心理和实际因素的影响.
- 中国的非国家免疫计划 (非NIP) 疫苗是自愿的,自费的,并带来了独特的决策挑战.
- 有效的提供者-接收者沟通至关重要,但在这种情况下,研究不足.
研究的目的:
- 整合提供者和护理人员对中国非NIP疫苗决策的观点.
- 确定促进非NIP疫苗接种决策的策略.
- 通过使用行为变化轮框架分析这些接种行为背后的机制.
主要方法:
- 与中国五个省份的17名护理人员和12名疫苗接种提供者的半结构面试 (2023年7月至12月).
- 以行为变化轮框架为指导的分析,采用代编码和定向内容分析.
- 识别和映射影响疫苗接种决策的行为变化技术和干预功能.
主要成果:
- 确定了13种行为改变技术,反,监测和环境重组是最常见的.
- 干预的关键功能包括说服,教育和培训,提高能力,机会和动机.
- 能力通过教育和沟通得到提升;机会通过基础设施和社会支持;动机通过明确的利益沟通和社会规范.
结论:
- 涉及医疗保健提供者,接收者和公共卫生信息的多维方法对于促进非NIP疫苗接种至关重要.
- 医疗保健提供者可以通过提醒,监测和激励来提高可访问性,并提供基于证据的指导.
- 接种者需要可靠的信息,持续的参与,及时的沟通和激励机会来支持疫苗接种决定.
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