相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Published on: August 12, 2019

在物种的地理分布范围内反复转向自我受精的基因组影响

Kay Lucek¹, Jana M Flury¹, Yvonne Willi¹

¹Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.

The Journal of heredity

|August 22, 2024

概括

在Arabidopsis lyrata中,自我不相容性分解显示了独立的进化和显著的基因组后果. 自我种群表现出减少的多样性和增加的同卵性,与范围扩张历史有关.

科学领域:

进化生物学进化生物学
人口遗传学人口遗传学
植物生殖生物学植物生殖生物学

背景情况:

自受精 (selfing) 变异存在于雌雄性植物物种内部和植物物种之间.
在北美,Arabidopsis lyrata从自我不相容 (SI) 转变为自我,这与后冰期扩张有关.
这使得A. lyrata成为研究SI分解及其遗传影响的关键模型.

研究的目的:

研究A. lyrata.中的SI分解的基因组基础.
分析交配系统变化的种群遗传后果.
了解交配系统变化的遗传性.

主要方法:

在A. lyrata的范围内的自我和外交种群的比较分析.
自我不相容 (S-) 位点和更广泛的基因组的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS).
在混合交配种群中进行了对称交叉实验.

主要成果:

SI分解在多个S位置背景中演变.
双向交叉表示双亲遗传与主导.
GWAS确定了S位点附近的区域,但没有明确的候选基因.
与外交种群相比,自我种群的基因组多样性低于50%.
同胞性 (ROHs) 的运行随着近亲繁殖而增加,特别是在具有长期扩张历史的种群中.

结论:

交配系统转向自我交配与过去的范围动态密切相关.
SI分解的遗传基础具有显著的,潜在的负面的基因组后果.
了解这些联系对于预测进化潜力至关重要.

关键词:

亲生繁殖是一种繁殖方式.配对系统的配对系统.再组合的复合方式.一系列的同卵性性.自我不相容的位置.

更多相关视频

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: December 2, 2022

相关概念视频

Gene Flow

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.

Formation of Species

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.

Hybrid Zones

Hybrid Zones

Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.

Genetics of Speciation

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.

Frequency-dependent Selection

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).