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在一个有针对性的步骤任务中,立即和延迟的任务切换的年龄相关影响
Kyungwan Kim1, Lena Deller1, Marie Vinent1
1Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University.
概括
年长的成年人在复杂的步行任务中扎着即时步行适应. 然而,随着切换的延迟,老年人可以达到与年轻人相似的表现,这表明当任务干扰减少时,学习是可能的.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
背景情况:
- 快速适应步行步骤对于安全的移动性至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,老年人 (OA) 在立即步骤任务切换方面表现比年轻人 (YA) 差.
- 目前尚不清楚这种缺陷是否源于学习或快速切换能力不足.
研究的目的:
- 研究老年人 (OA) 和年轻人 (YA) 在即时任务切换 (ITS) 和延迟任务切换 (DTS) 条件下的步态适应.
- 为了确定延迟的任务切换是否提高了OA在目标级别任务中的性能.
- 区分学习缺陷与OAS快速切换之间的差异.
主要方法:
- 30个YA和32个OA被随机分配到ITS或DTS组中.
- 参与者在ABAB重复块中执行了两个有针对性的步行任务 (任务A和任务B) 的跑步机行走.
- 为了减少干扰,DTS在任务之间需要1分钟的休息时间.
主要成果:
- 在即时任务切换 (ITS_OA) 组中的老年人显示出明显更多的步骤错误和精度降低.
- 延迟切换任务 (DTS_OAs) 组中的老年人取得了与年轻成年人相比的表现.
- 在ITS和DTS条件下,年轻人表现良好.
结论:
- 老年人在复杂的步行任务中表现出无法快速适应步行的能力.
- 延迟切换任务可以减轻老年人的绩效缺陷,表明学习是可能的.
- 任务干扰显著影响老年人的步行适应能力.
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