绘制有关新型和改性结核病疫苗实施现有知识库的地图:一个范围审查
Joeri S Buis1, Degu Jerene1, Agnes Gebhard1
1KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands.
PLOS global public health
|August 22, 2024
概括
为成人和青少年实施新的结核病 (TB) 疫苗需要了解成本,可接受性和可行性等因素. 全球需要更多的研究,以确保在高负担国家有效推出结核病疫苗.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生健康 全球卫生健康
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 针对成人和青少年的安全有效的结核病 (TB) 疫苗对于全球结核病控制至关重要.
- 几种有前途的结核病疫苗候选人正在晚期试验中,但低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的实施挑战尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前关于实施新型和转型结核病疫苗的研究,针对成人和青少年.
- 确定影响疫苗成功实施的关键因素,包括流行病学影响,成本效益,可接受性和可行性.
主要方法:
- 对结核病疫苗实施现有知识的系统审查和综合.
- 研究维度的分析:流行病学影响,成本/经济影响,可接受性和可行性 (包括战略和卫生系统能力).
主要成果:
- 目前的研究集中在印度,中国和南非,主要使用对M72/AS01和BCG再接种等疫苗的建模研究.
- 新的结核病疫苗预计将挽救数百万人的生命,并且具有成本效益,但结果在很大程度上取决于疫苗特征,目标人口和实施策略.
- 疫苗可接受性的障碍包括结核病的耻辱和成本,而支持者包括社区参与和公众意识. 在可接受性,最佳实施策略和卫生系统准备度方面存在研究差距.
结论:
- 未来的研究需要更广泛的地理代表性,以适应不同背景和人群的疫苗计划.
- 需要对疫苗的可接受性,有希望的实施策略和卫生系统能力进行紧急研究,以便在高负担环境中有效部署结核病疫苗.
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