全印度化物在地下水中的危害评估
Rajarshi Saha1, Tushar Wankhede1, Ritwik Majumdar1
1Scientist, Geosciences Group, National Remote Sensing Centre, ISRO, Hyderabad, India.
Journal of hazardous materials
|August 22, 2024
概括
印度的地下水化物污染很普遍,对健康构成风险,特别是对儿童. 干旱地区的污染程度较高,需要为可持续解决方案采取综合政策措施.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文地质学 水文地质学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 印度地下水中的化物 (F ̄) 污染是一个重大的环境和健康问题.
- 地质和地质环境因素有助于复杂的化物水平的时空变化.
- 以前的研究往往是特定于地区的,这限制了对国家一级挑战的全面理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了对地下水中的化物污染进行整体的全印度分析.
- 确定控制因素并评估相关的人体健康危害.
- 为决策者提供数据驱动的见解,以制定可持续的补救策略.
主要方法:
- 采用结合先进的地理统计和地理空间方法进行综合分析.
- 评估了时空分布,并确定了印度各地的污染热点.
- 评估了概率性健康风险,包括不同年龄组的危险系数 (HQ).
主要成果:
- 在印度多个州确定了令人担忧的化物污染,拉贾斯坦邦的平均度最高.
- 在全国范围内,8.65% (季风前) 和7.10% (季风后) 的地点超过了1.50 mg/L的安全极限.
- 石质学,地形学,土壤,线条和气候条件被确定为关键控制因素,干旱/半干旱地区的污染程度较高.
结论:
- 化物污染对健康构成重大风险,儿童更容易受到高度的化物 (骨化风险) 和缺乏化物 (牙损伤风险) 的影响.
- 气候条件起着关键作用,加剧了干旱和半干旱地区的化物污染.
- 包括SWOT分析在内的综合方法对于开发有效和可持续的化物减排解决方案至关重要.
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