从2008年到2017年,在三个中心对儿童自杀的危险因素进行了分析
Kelly L Olds1, Rexson Tse2, Simon Stables2
1Clinpath Pathology, Mile End, Adelaide, Australia.
Medicine, science, and the law
|August 23, 2024
概括
儿童自杀风险因素因地点而异,精神疾病患病率在澳大利亚,新西兰和美国各不相同. 父母往往不知道他们的孩子.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 儿童自杀是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 了解风险因素的司法区别对于有针对性的预防至关重要.
- 之前的研究并没有全面比较不同地理位置的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 描述17岁及以下儿童自杀的潜在风险因素.
- 为了确定这些风险因素是否在三个不同的司法管辖区有所不同:亨尼平县 (美国),奥克兰 (新西兰) 和南澳大利亚 (澳大利亚).
- 为文化敏感和地理相关的自杀预防策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从2008年至2017年,对儿童 (0-17岁) 自杀病例的回顾性审查.
- 数据收集包括精神病史,先前的症状和事件,先前的尝试,以及自杀意图的沟通.
- 在三个研究中心对风险因素的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 常见的先前事件包括人际冲突和关系问题.
- 抑郁症,自我伤害,药物滥用和饮食障碍经常被记录在案.
- 确诊的精神疾病的患病率有很大差异:南澳大利亚 (79.5%),亨尼平县 (62%) 和奥克兰 (23.8%).
- 父母/照顾者对自杀意图的不知情度从84%到87.2%不等.
结论:
- 儿童自杀风险因素在各个社区中不均,需要进行本地预防工作.
- 被诊断的精神疾病的差异表明,在获得或使用心理健康服务方面存在潜在的差异.
- 有效的预防自杀需要解决人际关系因素,提高护理人员的意识.
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