麻风病在苏里南的起源和传播. 一个历史和生物医学研究的研究
William R Faber1, Karin Sewpersad2, Henk Menke2
1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Frontiers in tropical diseases
|August 23, 2024
概括
苏里南的麻风菌株显示出不同的起源,与来自西非,亚洲和巴西的历史移民有关. 一些菌株表现出对达普森的耐药性,达普森是一种关键的麻风治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 医学微生物学 医学微生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 在欧洲殖民之前,美洲历史上没有麻风 (汉森病).
- 苏里南人口的多样性表明,麻风的引入路线多种:西非奴隶贸易,亚洲合同工人,欧洲殖民者和巴西金矿工人.
- 之前的研究表明,在苏里南,Mycobacterium leprae菌株的变异性很高,但人类遗传多样性仍然未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查苏里南的麻风病的起源和传播.
- 在人类麻风病患者中分析Mycobacterium leprae菌株多样性.
- 在流通的M. leprae菌株中识别药物耐药性的分子标记物.
主要方法:
- 历史上的迁徙路线分析.
- 从26个多细菌性麻风病患者的皮肤活检中PCR基因型化和全基因组测序Mycobacterium leprae.
- 对达普松,利芬素和奥洛素的分子耐药性分析.
主要成果:
- 在25/26个患者样本中检测到Mycobacterium leprae;没有发现Mycobacterium lepromatosis.
- 主要的M. leprae基因型是4P (西非/巴西起源),其次是1D-2 (亚洲起源).
- 基因型4菌株表明通过奴隶贸易和巴西矿工引入;基因型1D-2表明亚洲合同工人. 在2/13个菌株中发现了达普森耐药性突变.
结论:
- 苏里南的麻风菌株反映了不同的历史移民模式,主要来自西非和巴西,亚洲的贡献.
- 这项研究强调了分子基因定型对于了解麻风流行病学和菌株起源的重要性.
- 达普森耐药性的证据强调了持续监测和适应性治疗策略的必要性.
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