全球-本地处理的半球不对称性:刺激类别和衰老的影响
Haiwen Chen1, Jolene A Cox1,2, Anne M Aimola Davies1
1School of Medicine and Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
概括
全球-局部处理中的半球不对称性在年轻人和老年人中都是刺激独立的. 老年人在所有刺激中都表现出局部处理优势,这表明与年龄相关的认知变化.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 神经心理学 神经心理学
- 人类发展 人类发展
背景情况:
- 半球不对称性影响全球-本地处理,右半球 (RH) 专注于全球任务,左半球 (LH) 专注于本地任务.
- 关于刺激类别 (口头与视觉空间) 是否影响这种不对称性 (刺激依赖与独立账户) 存在争论.
- 老年人可能表现出局部处理优势,因为与年龄相关的RH功能下降 (RH衰老假说).
研究的目的:
- 在年轻人和老年人中调查全球-本地处理跨不同刺激类别的半球不对称性.
- 确定刺激类别是否影响全球-本地处理的半球专业化.
- 检查与年龄相关的全球-本地处理差异,以及老年人的本地处理优势.
主要方法:
- 采用了与年轻和年长参与者的课题内设计.
- 采用了分散注意力的范式,单方面视觉呈现.
- 评估全球-本地处理使用三个等级数字:字母,可表达的对象和不可表达的形状.
主要成果:
- 结果支持刺激独立的账户:无论两个年龄组的刺激类别,RH-全球和LH-本地专业化都发生了.
- 老年人在所有刺激类别中都表现出局部处理优势,无论视野呈现如何.
- 在年轻和年长的成年人中证实全球-本地处理的半球不对称性,与年龄相关的全球处理差异.
结论:
- 全球-本地处理的半球专业化在很大程度上独立于年轻人和老年人的刺激类别.
- 老年人表现出普遍的局部处理优势,不仅仅归因于视野效应.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索半球不对称性在非可语言化形状处理和与年龄相关的全球处理机制.
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