在生物人类学中从事道德工作的练习
Molly K Zuckerman1,2, Kathryn E Marklein3, Rita M Austin4
1Department of Anthropology and Middle Eastern Cultures and Cobb Institute of Archaeology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA.
American journal of biological anthropology
|August 23, 2024
概括
生物人类学正在经历一种伦理转变,强调富有同情心和反思性的实践. 案例研究强调了处理人类骨科收藏品的挑战,以及尊重已故个人和后代社区.
科学领域:
- 生物学人类学 生物学人类学
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 考古学的考古学
背景情况:
- 在生物人类学中正在发生一个重要的伦理范式转变.
- 学者们越来越多地专注于在研究,教学和实地工作中开发更加道德的未来实践.
- 该领域的伦理考虑是复杂的,多样化的和动态的.
研究的目的:
- 反思生物人类学的多方面的伦理考量.
- 检查案例研究,说明教学收藏,文档收藏和考古遗址的伦理挑战.
- 倡导有意识的,反思的,和富有同情心的方法,以道德的参与.
主要方法:
- 从教学,研究和实地工作经验中分析案例研究.
- 讨论人类骨科教学集合的伦理影响 (例如,路易斯维尔大学).
- 通过骨生物学和档案历史重新构建文献收藏的探索 (例如,罗伯特·J·特里收藏).
- 考察美国维尔京群岛考古遗址的伦理问题,考虑气候变化影响.
主要成果:
- 人类骨科收藏可以代表结构性冷漠演变为结构性暴力.
- 重构记录的收藏可以重新强调已故个人的人性.
- 当谈判死者的愿望与社区历史重建时,特别是在气候变化威胁下,出现道德困境.
- 没有单一的案例研究可以作为复制的完美模型.
结论:
- 在道德参与方面取得进展是值得的,但具有挑战性.
- 生物学人类学家必须采取集体的,有意识的,反思性的和富有同情心的实践.
- 尊重已故的个人,后代社区和同事至关重要.
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