3-6岁的自闭症,发育迟缓和发育典型的普通话儿童的语音发展
Min Liu1, Jinhe Han2, Yuexin Zhang3
1Shanghai Institute of AI for Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|August 23, 2024
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童与典型发育的同龄人相比,在语音发育方面表现出差异. 语音产生和音节结构复杂性的这些差异随着年龄的增长而变得更加明显.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 语音语言病理学 语音语言病理学
背景情况:
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童的声学发育缺乏跨不同语言群体的一致研究结果.
- 需要进行系统的调查,以了解ASD的普通话儿童的特定声学特征.
研究的目的:
- 系统地调查3-6岁普通话儿童与ASD的声学发展特征.
- 将ASD儿童的声学特征与发育障碍 (DD) 和典型发育 (TD) 儿童进行比较.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自21名自闭症儿童,18名DD儿童和15名TD儿童的10分钟语音样本,这些儿童在半结构化的父母-孩子自由游戏中进行了分析.
- 评估普通话的语音特征,包括初始和最终的库存,音节结构的复杂性和多样性.
主要成果:
- 与TD儿童相比,ASD儿童的初始和最终语音库存较小.
- 与TD儿童相比,ASD儿童使用的简单音节结构 (例如V1,V1V2C) 的比例较高,复杂结构 (例如V1V2V3,CV1C,CV1V2C) 的比例较低.
- 虽然ASD和DD组的整体语言能力相似,但观察到初始,音节复杂性和多样性的细节差异.
结论:
- 随着年龄的增长,TD和ASD儿童之间的语言能力差距越来越大,影响了语音复杂性和多样性.
- 与TD儿童和DD儿童相比,患有ASD的儿童表现出不同的语音发育模式.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索ASD儿童在不同语言背景的语音发育的细微差别.
更多相关视频
10:11Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
Published on: December 14, 2012
18.4K
09:13Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Published on: April 22, 2015
16.5K
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
77
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
77
01:22Language Development
329
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
329
01:27Language and Cognition
339
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
339