一个系统的审查和元分析:心理治疗干预措施,以减少黑人青年中自杀的想法和行为
Tashalee R Brown1, Steve S Lee1, Sara J Schiff1
1University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
概括
对于自杀的黑人年轻人,需要对文化敏感的干预措施. 虽然一些干预措施显示出希望,但大多数缺乏文化相关的内容,突出了关键的护理差距.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和行为科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿童和青少年心理健康
背景情况:
- 青少年的自杀率正在上升,黑人青少年的自杀率不成比例.
- 迫切需要文化响应,基于证据的干预措施,以适应经历自杀思想和行为的黑人青年的独特需求.
- 现有的干预措施往往缺乏足够的文化适应,阻碍了它们在不同人群中的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定基于证据的心理治疗干预措施,专门针对黑人年轻人的自杀思想和行为.
- 分析当前干预手册如何为黑人青年纳入文化相关内容.
- 为这个弱势群体解决文化定制精神卫生服务的缺口.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的文献搜索,以找到超过30%的黑人青年参与者 (年龄在25岁以下) 的研究.
- 对文化适应和特定内容领域的已发表的文章和治疗手册进行分析.
- 使用随机效应模型进行了元分析,以评估干预的有效性和探索主持人.
主要成果:
- 从13项符合条件的研究中确定了8项手动干预措施;元分析显示在减少自杀念头和行为方面具有显著影响 (Hedges g = 1.08).
- 证据质量低,具有显著的异质性,小样本大小和不一致的结果措施.
- 只有一个干预措施,即适应应对压力 (A-CWS),专门针对黑人青年;文化相关的内容基本上不存在,提供者文化能力培训是最常见的包容.
结论:
- 黑人青年在治疗研究中显著缺乏代表性,文化响应性干预措施的稀缺性阻碍了解决青年自杀差异的进展.
- 有机会适应现有的自杀干预措施,以更好地服务于黑人青年及其家人.
- 进一步的研究和文化定制干预措施的开发对于有效打击黑人年轻人中不断增加的自杀趋势至关重要.
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