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相关概念视频

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
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Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

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The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
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Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

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Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
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Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

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In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
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Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

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Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
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一个压制性的H3K36me2阅读器调解了Polycomb沉默.

Mengting Xu1, Qi Zhang1, Huanbin Shi2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Nature communications
|August 23, 2024
PubMed
概括

在真菌中,Eaf3读取压制性基因素标记H3K36me2和H3K27me3,调解稳定的基因沉默和选择性的异色染色体形成. 这揭示了Eaf3在Polycomb基因沉默通路中的关键作用.

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科学领域:

  • 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.

背景情况:

  • 聚合体抑制复合体2 (PRC2) 在动物中催化H3K27me3,对于转录抑制至关重要.
  • 由于PRC1子单元的表征有限,在真菌中对H3K27me3介导的沉默机制的了解很少.

研究的目的:

  • 调查Eaf3在Magnaporthe oryzae的选择性异染色素形成和转录沉默中的作用.
  • 阐明Eaf3有助于真菌中基因沉默的分子机制.

主要方法:

  • 蛋白相互作用研究以确定Eaf3相互作用伙伴 (Ash1,Eed,Sin3).
  • 染色体免疫沉 (ChIP) 来评估与H3K36me2和H3K27me3标记的同位点.
  • 核细胞占用测试以确定Eaf3对染色体结构的影响.

主要成果:

  • Eaf3与Ash1 (H3K36甲基转移酶),Eed (PRC2亚单元) 和Sin3 (基因素脱乙酶联合抑制剂) 相互作用.
  • Eaf3与压制性的H3K36me2和H3K27me3位点共定位,调解它们的沉默.
  • Eaf3 作为 H3K36me2 和 H3K27me3 标记的基因素读取器,增加了核细胞的占用率.

结论:

  • Eaf3是M. oryzae.中的一个关键的抑制H3K36me2读者.
  • 在真菌中,Eaf3在Polycomb基因沉默和选择性异色素蛋白形成中发挥着至关重要的作用.