安全性和高回收机制以及用于初始开采复杂结构和厚硬屋顶的厚煤的应用研究
Zechao Chang1, Xufeng Wang2, Dongdong Qin3
1School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
Scientific reports
|August 23, 2024
概括
强大的岩石压力和厚厚的煤层中较差的顶层煤洞穴被一种新的液压压裂技术所解决. 这种方法减少了权重间隔,并改善了煤炭回收,确保了更安全,更有效的采矿.
科学领域:
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
- 岩石机械学 岩石机械学
- 地质技术工程 地质技术工程
背景情况:
- 厚厚的煤层具有复杂的结构和坚固的屋顶,这给采矿带来了重大挑战,包括长时间的加重间隔,强烈的岩石压力和较差的顶部煤洞穴性能 (TCCP).
- 这些问题导致大量的煤炭损失,并在初始开采阶段损害运营安全和效率.
研究的目的:
- 研究厚硬屋顶中强大的岩石压力形成机制,并了解分离对TCCP的影响.
- 提出和验证水力压裂技术,以在具有挑战性的采矿条件下安全有效地回收煤炭.
主要方法:
- 应用了弹性薄板和圆形体的原理来分析岩石压力和TCCP.
- 开发并测试了一种分级的液压压裂技术和系统.
- 通过数值模拟和实地实验验证该技术的可靠性.
主要成果:
- 确定了长时间的权重间隔和广泛的屋顶崩范围是强大的岩石压力的主要原因.
- 确定由分离断裂形成的悬臂梁结构显著影响TCCP.
- 拟议的液压压裂将权重间隔缩短了20米,减轻了过载压力,降低了26.9%的顶部煤块,并增加了31.19%的回收率.
结论:
- 顶部煤炭和屋顶的同时破裂有效地降低了加重强度,并促进了更好的煤炭释放.
- 分级液压压裂技术经济有效地增强了TCCP,并确保在厚厚的煤层中安全,高效地开采.
- 现场应用证实了该技术在提高采矿安全和生产率方面的有效性.
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