在阅读困难的儿童和成年人中,在语音感知和发声过程中出现异常的大脑激活
Yang Fu1,2, Xiaohui Yan1,2, Jiaqi Mao3
1Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
NPJ science of learning
|August 24, 2024
概括
阅读困难 (RD) 的儿童和成年人表现出类似的大脑激活模式,表明关键语音处理区域的发育差异. 这些模式可以作为确定RD的可靠标记.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音和语言科学 语言科学
背景情况:
- 阅读困难 (RD) 与语音缺陷有关.
- 现有的研究还没有明确与年龄相关的不同语音缺陷在外国语感知和生产的RD.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究与年龄相关的差异,在RD的个体中,在外国语感知过程中大脑激活.
- 通过神经成像技术识别 RD 的神经标记.
主要方法:
- 功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 用于测量大脑活动.
- 多变量模式分析 (MVPA) 应用于激活模式.
- 在西班牙语语音感知和语音制作任务中,中国儿童和成年人有或没有RD.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,RD组在儿童和成人之间右下额 (IFG) 和背侧额前皮层 (DLPFC) 激活的差异较小,这表明发育减缓.
- 左中回 (MTG),前运动皮质,补充运动区域 (SMA) 和IFG中的激活模式是RD的可靠标记.
结论:
- 神经学证据表明,在不同年龄段的RD读者中,语音感知和语音产生受损.
- 在IFG,DLPFC,MTG,前运动和SMA中的特定大脑激活模式可以作为阅读困难的生物标志物.
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