发动机两轮车使用头盔的流行率和使用模式:来自印度大都市的一项大型观察研究的发现
Gautham Melur Sukumar1, Nishit Patel2, Ravikanthe Gowda B R3
1Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India.
International journal of injury control and safety promotion
|August 26, 2024
概括
在印度,机动两轮车驾驶者正确使用头盔的比例很低,只有38%的人正确使用头盔. 这突显了道路安全干预措施的关键差距,强调需要更好的执法和教育.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 道路交通安全 道路交通安全
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 机动两轮车 (MTW) 用户占印度道路死亡人数的很大一部分,在2021年占45%.
- 虽然正确的头盔使用已被证明可以降低死亡风险,但印度对其流行情况的数据很少.
- 了解头盔使用模式对于制定有效的道路安全策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定在印度班加罗尔市的MTW用户中使用头盔的普遍性.
- 评估与正确的头盔使用相关的因素.
- 为了识别整体头盔使用和正确的头盔使用之间的差距.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项观察性,横截面研究.
- 在15个十字路口观察到98,021名MTW用户的大型随机代表样本.
- 使用训练有素的现场数据采集器通过手持平板电脑和KoBoCollect应用程序收集了关于头盔使用和正确性的数据,遵循标准化检查清单.
主要成果:
- 总体上,头盔的使用率很高 (88%的骑手和骑手组合,92.4%的骑手).
- 然而,正确使用头盔的比例明显较低,仅为38%的骑手.
- 还观察到非标准头盔使用的普遍性 (27%) 也很大.
结论:
- 在班加罗尔市存在一个显著的"正确的头盔使用差距",表明急需改进道路安全措施.
- 执法,公众信息和干预必须将重点从仅仅是头盔的存在转移到正确的使用.
- 建议对使用头盔进行常规基于人口的监测,以监测进展情况并为未来的策略提供信息.
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