控制一个新的等离子体制度
M Lennholm1, S Aleiferis1, S Bakes1
1United United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Culham Campus , Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, UK.
概括
设计一个强大的等离子控制系统对于英国的Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) 计划至关重要. 该系统必须管理等离子体从启动到安全终止,处理聚变能源发电的独特操作挑战.
科学领域:
- 核聚变工程 核聚变工程
- 等离子体物理学的物理学
- 控制系统 控制系统
背景情况:
- 英国的Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) 计划需要一个复杂的等离子控制系统.
- STEP的运营环境和等离子体制度将与现有的托卡马克有很大的不同.
- 在聚变燃烧过程中自我组织的等离子体行为带来了独特的控制挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为 STEP 程序概述了一个强大的等离子体控制系统的设计.
- 解决控制等离子体从启动到安全终止的复杂问题.
- 制定管理正常运行和特殊事件的策略.
主要方法:
- 对于等离子体形状,位置和磁性-水力动力学不稳定性的单个控制器的设计.
- 开发用于热负荷管理和聚变电源调节的控制策略.
- 分析"正常"的操作场景,并规划异常处理.
主要成果:
- 为关键等离子体参数设计单个控制组件的进展.
- 考虑STEP球形托卡马克配置所带来的独特挑战.
- 发展一个控制理念,包括标准和非正常事件管理.
结论:
- 一个全面的血控制系统对于STEP的成功至关重要.
- 解决STEP独特的等离子体物理和操作约束对于聚变电力至关重要.
- 拟议的控制战略旨在确保安全高效的运行,为核聚变能源提供铺平道路.
相关概念视频
01:19Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle
555
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
555
01:30Control of Power Flow
255
There are several methods to control power flow in power systems:
255
01:27Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview
180
Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
180
01:29Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab
151
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
151
02:36Nuclear Power
7.7K
Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
7.7K