腹引起的微生物组变化改变了MASLD的发展,与先天免疫系统的变化相关
Simer Shera1, William Katzka1, Julianne C Yang1
1The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Frontiers in microbiology
|August 26, 2024
概括
腹腔外科手术通过改变肠道微生物群来改善与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD),从而减少炎症和肝脏脂肪症. 在接受便移植的小鼠中,手术后的微生物变化减轻了MASLD的进展和调节了免疫细胞.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学和肝病学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
背景情况:
- 与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 影响25%的人口,导致肝脏死亡率.
- 腹部外科手术是对MASLD和肥胖的有效治疗方法,但机制仍在研究中.
- 肠道微生物群和宿主免疫系统在MASLD的发病过程中起作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究腹手术后肠道微生物群组成和MASLD中的免疫系统之间的相互作用.
- 了解微生物组的手术改变如何影响肝炎和纤维化.
主要方法:
- 人类研究:18名肥胖女性接受了袖子胃切除术,并进行了手术前和后的监测.
- 动物模型:接受抗生素治疗的小鼠接受了人类患者 (手术前或后) 的便移植,并接受标准或高脂肪饮食.
- 数据收集包括体重,食物摄入量,代谢参数和免疫细胞概况.
主要成果:
- 减肥手术显著降低了人类的体重,炎症,并改善了葡萄糖水平.
- 微生物组分析显示,在显著减肥的患者中,手术后的 * 细菌体 * 增加.
- 接受手术后便移植的小鼠显示体重增加减少,肝硬化,炎症性细胞因子减少,肝脏免疫细胞数量发生变化 (NKT细胞增加,Kupffer细胞减少).
结论:
- 减肥手术诱导的微生物转移是减少MASLD进展和炎症的关键.
- 在MASLD中,微生物组和宿主免疫反应之间存在潜在的因果关系,涉及肝脏NKT和库弗弗细胞.
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