宗教和种姓的交叉点上的健康差异:来自印度的证据
Biplab Kumar Datta1,2, Shriya Thakkar3
1Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Dialogues in health
|August 26, 2024
概括
与印度教,佛教和锡克教的达利特妇女相比,印度的达利特穆斯林和基督徒妇女面临高血压和糖尿病的更高风险. 这种差异凸显了宗教和种姓的交叉影响边缘化妇女的健康.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 宪法承认印度的 ଅନୁସୂଚିତ种姓 (SCs),给予肯定行动的好处,仅限于印度教,佛教和锡克教 (HBS) 的人口.
- 达利特穆斯林和基督徒 (MC) 被排除在SC地位之外,拒绝他们获得相关的福利,并可能加剧健康不平等.
研究的目的:
- 调查印度达利特妇女宗教信仰 (MC与HBS) 与健康结果 (高血压和糖尿病) 之间的联系.
- 为了确定是否存在不同宗教群体的达利特妇女之间的差异性健康结果,考虑到基于种姓的歧视的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自两个全国调查的177,346名达利特女性 (年龄在20-49岁) 的数据.
- 与达利特HBS妇女相比,达利特MC妇女的高血压和糖尿病的概率评估,控制社会经济因素,心脏代谢风险和人口统计学变量.
- 验证了使用对照组的受计划部落 (ST) 女人的验证结果,她们的身份认可不依赖宗教.
主要成果:
- 与达利特HBS女性相比,达利特MC女性患高血压的可能性高出1.13倍 (95%CI:1.03-1.25) 和糖尿病的可能性高出1.19倍 (95%CI:1.05-1.36).
- 在ST样本中,在MC和HBS女性之间没有发现高血压或糖尿病概率的显著差异,这表明这种影响是特定于SC类别的.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,印度边缘化妇女的健康差异与宗教身份和种姓地位的交叉关系有关.
- 对达利特穆斯林和基督徒的SC福利排除可能会导致较差的心脏代谢健康结果,强调需要对政策进行审查.
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