神经发育障碍儿童的数学能力:理解认知因素和评估试点干预措施
Danielle Mattson1, Kathryn Kryska2, Jacqueline Pei1
1Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
概括
数学干预通过针对执行功能 (EF),工作记忆 (WM) 和视觉运动集成 (VMI) 来改善神经发育困难的儿童的数学技能. 口头WM独特地预测了数学能力,干预对大多数参与者来说都显示出显著的收益.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 儿童的数学发展受到执行功能 (EF),工作记忆 (WM) 和视觉运动集成 (VMI) 的影响.
- 了解这些认知基础对于支持神经发育困难的儿童在数学方面至关重要.
- 患有神经发育障碍的儿童经常表现出低于平均水平的数学表现.
研究的目的:
- 研究EF,WM和VMI对5-8岁神经发育障碍儿童数学能力的独特贡献.
- 评估在学校环境中支持这些认知过程的修改组交付数学干预 (MILE) 的有效性.
- 探索参与者特征 (年龄,智商) 和数学分数在干预后变化的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一个准实验性的等候名单控制设计,28名参与者 (年龄为5-8岁) 患有神经发育障碍.
- 数学能力,EF,WM和VMI的基线评估.
- 立即干预组和等候名单对照组之间的数学收益的比较,然后对照组进行干预.
主要成果:
- 在基线时,数学成绩在所有领域都明显低于规范平均值.
- EF,WM和VMI与数学能力高度相关;口头WM是唯一的独特预测因素.
- 与对照组相比,MILE干预组的整体数学成绩显著提高.
- 超过一半的数学内容领域表现出显著的改善,85.7%的参与者在至少一个领域显示出可靠的变化.
结论:
- MILE干预有效地改善了神经发育障碍儿童的数学能力.
- 针对执行功能,工作记忆和视觉运动集成是数学干预的一个有希望的方法.
- 语言工作记忆在预测这个人群的数学表现方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
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