在老年人中,执行技能和神经动态在编码,抑制和检索视觉信息时之间的联系
Tiina Parviainen1,2, Anna Maria Alexandrou1,2, Hanna-Maija Lapinkero1,2
1Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Human brain mapping
|August 26, 2024
概括
老化的大脑显示了与认知技能相关的各种神经活动. 在老年人中,更好的抑制控制与早期的神经反应与记忆任务中的分心相关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 大脑功能 大脑功能
背景情况:
- 老龄化往往强调神经和行为功能的个体差异.
- 工作记忆和执行控制的下降会影响生活质量,即使在非临床人群中也是如此.
研究的目的:
- 在复杂的任务中阐明视觉工作记忆和老年人的抑制的神经基础.
- 将与任务相关的神经活动的变化与特定的认知能力 (如抑制和工作记忆能力) 相关联.
主要方法:
- 磁脑摄影 (MEG) 用于记录老年人视觉工作记忆任务中的神经调制.
- 通过唤起反应和振荡活动量化神经相关物,检查编码,维护,检索和干扰抑制.
- 与任务相关的神经活动与抑制,工作记忆和执行功能的行为测量相关.
主要成果:
- 一般的抑制控制与多个频率的前中心神经调制有关.
- 域特异性抑制局限于右脑后脑区域.
- 阶段锁定唤起神经活动,特别是在检索过程中早期的分心抑制,可靠地与增强的抑制控制相关.
结论:
- 神经活动,特别是相锁唤起的反应,可以作为在衰老中认知技能的可靠标记.
- 了解神经和行为标志物的个体间变异性是将大脑功能与老年人的认知表现联系起来的关键.
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