通过护理助理教育实施结构化的口腔卫生计划,以解决非呼吸器医院获得的肺炎:一个准实验性研究
Elizabeth Kozub1, Emily Gorzycki1, Abbey Sidebottom2
1Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
概括
为护理助理实施结构化的口腔卫生教育计划,显著提高了他们的知识和实践. 这种干预导致住院患者的非呼吸器医院获得性肺炎 (NV HAP) 率显著降低.
科学领域:
- 改善医疗保健质量 改善医疗保健质量
- 预防感染 预防感染
- 护理教育 护理教育
背景情况:
- 非呼吸器医院获得的肺炎 (NV HAP) 是由吸入的口腔分泌物引起的重大并发症.
- 有效的口腔卫生对于减轻NV HAP风险至关重要.
- 医院工作人员,特别是护理助理 (NA),是提供口腔护理的关键.
研究的目的:
- 评估一个结构化的口腔卫生教育计划对NAs的影响.
- 评估有关口腔卫生的NA知识,态度和行为的变化.
- 为了确定该计划对NV HAP发生率的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种准实验性的前后设计.
- 一个结构化的口腔卫生教育计划在四级医院中被开发和实施.
- 在干预之前和之后评估了NA的知识和实践.
- 对患者NV HAP率进行了回顾性分析.
主要成果:
- 对于NPO患者的口腔护理频率的NA知识显著增加 (67.2%至82.1%).
- 此外,NA对使用口腔卫生工具 (如吸管和牙刷) 的报告也得到了改善.
- NV HAP的发病率从干预前的0.74%下降到干预后的0.25% (p < 0.001).
结论:
- 专注的口腔卫生教育有效地提高了NA的知识和实践.
- 针对国家医院的结构化口腔卫生计划有望减少NV HAP.
- 针对性教育是改善患者安全和减少医院感染的可行策略.
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