微纤维污染:评估,排放估计和基于时间序列的预测,从家用洗衣机洗和缓解措施的微纤维污染
Riya Kumbukattu Alex1, Thasnimol Mukalarkudy Muhammed1, Madhuraj Palat Kannankai1
1School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India.
Integrated environmental assessment and management
|August 26, 2024
概括
印度的洗衣机废水释放出丰富的微纤维,合成和棉花织品是其中的主要贡献者. 粉末洗剂加剧了微纤维污染,预计未来的排放量将会增加.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 污染控制 污染控制
- 织工程 织工程 织工程
背景情况:
- 微纤维是来自自然,半合成或合成来源的无处不在的微污染物.
- 织品洗是微塑料污染的重要来源,但印度等新兴经济体的数据有限.
- 由于社会经济因素,印度的洗衣机使用量正在增加,需要对其微纤维排放进行研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度半自动洗衣机的废水中的微纤维丰度和尺寸分布.
- 为了比较棉花,混合和合成织品在有或没有洗剂的情况下释放的微纤维.
- 开发印度微纤维污染的年度排放估计和预测模型.
主要方法:
- 分析"非新"棉花,混合和合成织品的洗衣机废水中的微纤维丰度和尺寸分布.
- 实验条件包括"使用"和"不使用"粉末洗剂进行洗.
- 开发时间序列预测模型 (ARIMA,ETS) 用于年度微纤维排放估计.
主要成果:
- 微纤维在洗衣机废水中非常丰富,合成织品释放最多.
- 粉末洗剂显著增加了微纤维的丰富性,特别是较小的纤维大小.
- 总的年度排放量估计为1.23 × 1011微纤维,预测显示到2030年将增加到1.90 × 1011.
结论:
- 家庭洗衣机是印度微纤维污染的重要来源.
- 合成织品和棉织品是造成这种污染的主要原因.
- 需要紧急干预,以减轻发展中国家洗钱造成的微纤维污染,同时考虑社会经济驱动因素.
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