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剑尾鱼杂交体揭示了基因组进化在初始杂交后令人惊地可预测

Quinn K Langdon^1,2, Jeffrey S Groh³, Stepfanie M Aguillon^1,2,4

¹Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America.

|August 26, 2024

概括

杂交是常见的,基因组通常含有来自相关物种的DNA. 这项研究表明,强大的自然选择在独立的杂交鱼群中驱动可重复的遗传祖先模式.

科学领域:

进化生物学进化生物学
基因组学就是基因组学.
规格规格规格规格

背景情况:

杂交,即不同血统之间的遗传物质交换,越来越多地被认为是跨不同种类的共同进化过程.
许多物种的基因组包含了从相关物种遗传的区域,这引发了关于基因组结果的重复性和自然选择的作用的问题.
关于杂交重复性的实证研究因缺乏合适的模型系统而受到限制.

研究的目的:

在独立形成的杂交种群中研究基因组结果的重复性.
为了确定自然选择在杂交后推动本地祖先的可重复模式的程度.
为了比较跨混合种群的重复性,具有不同程度的进化分歧.

主要方法:

使用独立形成的剑尾鱼 (Xiphophorus birchmanni和X. cortezi) 的杂交种群.
应用新开发的方法来分析当地的祖先模式和量化可重复性.
采用时间序列数据来评估所选祖先地区在进化时间上的稳定性.

主要成果:

一个杂交群体中的本地祖先模式对一个单独的,人口统计学上独立的群体中的情况具有很高的预测性.
早期几代人的强烈自然选择对当地祖先的观察到的可重复性作出了重大贡献.
选择区域的祖先在大约40代人内保持稳定,时间序列数据证明了这一点.
与X. birchmanni × X. malinche杂交物相比,X. birchmanni和X. cortezi之间的杂交物表现出更强的选择和更高的重复性,与更大的进化分歧相关.

结论:

杂交的基因组结果可以非常可重复,主要是由强大的自然选择驱动的.
独立的杂交种群可以作为研究杂交的进化后果的强大系统.
父母物种之间更大的进化分歧导致它们的杂交物种中更强的选择和更可预测的本地祖先模式.

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