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通过空间建模和成本效益分析,确定自然保留水措施的最佳类型和位置

Merav Tal-Maon¹, Michelle E Portman¹, Dani Broitman¹

¹Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.

Journal of environmental management

|August 26, 2024

概括

基于自然的解决方案 (NBS),就像自然保留水的措施 (NWRM),提供多方面的好处. 本研究提供了一种实用方法,用于在数据稀缺的城际地区选择最佳的NWRM类型和位置,平衡多个目标.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
水资源管理水资源管理
生态生态学生态生态学

背景情况:

水资源管理越来越多地采用基于自然的解决方案 (NBS),如自然保留水的措施 (NWRM),超出传统的工程方法.
NBS提供了包括改善福祉和生物多样性在内的共同好处,但由于各种选择和特定地点的因素,最佳的选择和放置是复杂的.
现有的研究往往侧重于城市环境,为城际地区留下了方法上的差距,特别是那些对NWRM实施数据有限的地区.

研究的目的:

为决策者提供一个实用的方法,以确定数据稀缺的城际地区的最佳NWRM类型和位置.
整合水文建模和成本效益分析 (CBA),以评估NWRM在多个标准上的有效性:水量,质量,经济,环境和社会目标.
通过提供一个考虑冲突目标和数据限制的决策框架,促进NWRM的实施.

主要方法:

使用开放非点源污染和侵蚀比较工具 (OpenNSPECT) 进行水文建模,以模拟增加的透,并确定城市间地区的NWRM最佳放置.
根据定义的标准,进行了成本效益分析 (CBA),以评估帕雷托最佳的NWRM地点和类型.
从欧盟环境总局 (DG-ENV) 的NWRM数据库中推导出NWRM选择标准,考虑水文,生态和社会因素.

主要成果:

通过各种NWRM确定了不同的最佳区域,以减少排水,沉积物和污染物.
自然河岸稳定成为减少沉积物的最有效的NWRM,而多种措施对减少排水是有效的.
具有高污染物减少潜力的措施显示社会和生物多样性益处有限,突出了权衡和需要多标准评估的需要.

结论:

该研究提出了一种实际的多标准决策方法,用于在数据有限的城市间环境中实施NWRM.
考虑各种目标 (水文,经济,社会,环境) 对于有效的NWRM选择和实施至关重要.
该方法促进了知情决策,促进了NWRM的整合,以实现可持续的水资源管理.

关键词:

进行成本效益分析.生态和社会效益环境和社会效益水文建模水文建模多目标优化多目标优化自然保留水的措施.排水管理排水管理

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