在学校中基于正念的干预:评估证据基础
Tina Marshall1, Alden Farrar1, Melissa Wilson1
1Westat (Marshall, Farrar, Wilson, Taylor, George, Ghose, Cosgrove) and Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) (Patel), Rockville, Maryland.
这次审查发现,学习呼吸,学校项目中的正念,以及基于正念的压力减轻 (MBSR) 有很高的证据证明基于学校的正念. 这些计划有效地支持跨年龄组的学生福祉.
科学领域:
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 基于证据的实践.
背景情况:
- 基于正念的干预措施 (MBI) 越来越多地被学校采用,以增强学生的心理,情感和行为发展.
- 在学校环境中,针对不同年龄段的特定MBI的有效性需要澄清.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评价支持基于学校的正念干预的证据.
- 为了确定哪些正念课程对各种学生年龄组最有效.
主要方法:
- 在数据库,灰色文献和注册表中进行了全面的搜索,发现了2008-2022年关于学校MBI的研究.
- 根据研究数量和严格性,干预措施按证据水平 (高,中等,低) 分类.
主要成果:
- 三项干预 (学习呼吸,学校正念项目,MBSR) 显示了高水平的证据,主要是中高中学生.
- 三项干预措施 (盖亚计划,MindUP,混合MBSR/MBCT) 显示了适度的证据,包括小学学生的有效性.
- 有限的研究探索了服务不足的学生群体的结果.
结论:
- 具体的MBI显示了强有力的证据,以促进学生的福祉和预防在学校的心理健康问题.
- 进一步的研究,特别是对不同人群的研究,可以提高MBI在教育环境中的应用和影响.
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