精神疾病的差异 根据疾病和性别的耻辱:乌干达农村的基于人口的小贴士随机实验
Yang Jae Lee1,2, Ryan Christ3, Rita Mbabazi2
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
PLOS mental health
|August 27, 2024
概括
精神疾病的耻辱因疾病和性别而异. 精神分裂症患者面临的接受程度低于焦虑症患者,而抑郁症女性比抑郁症男性更受欢迎. 需要有针对性的反污名化努力.
科学领域:
- 全球心理健康全球心理健康
- 社会精神病学是一种社会精神病学.
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 精神疾病的耻辱显著影响到人口的心理健康结果.
- 围绕心理健康状况的耻辱感往往是性别的,影响了那些经历疾病和那些延续了耻辱感的人.
- 了解跨疾病和性别的耻辱的微妙差异对于有效的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同疾病中精神疾病耻辱的变化.
- 检查参与者性别和标签主体性别对耻辱程度的影响.
- 通过确定特定的关注领域,为有针对性的反耻辱倡议提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在乌干达农村 (N=379) 进行了一项基于人口的实验性图片研究.
- 参与者被展示了描绘有酒精使用障碍,严重抑郁障碍,普遍焦虑障碍或精神分裂症的个体的图片.
- 用个人接受度量 (PAS) 和广泛接受度量 (BAS) 来衡量对描绘个体的态度,并使用ANOVA分析数据.
主要成果:
- 通过PAS测量对精神疾病的态度,在各个疾病之间有显著差异 (p=0.002).
- 与精神分裂症患者相比,患有焦虑障碍的人得到了更大的接受 (p=0.008).
- 对抑郁症的接受程度因性别而异,女性接受率高于男性 (p=0.017).
结论:
- 这项研究强调了基于特定疾病和乌干达农村的性别动态的精神疾病耻辱的显著差异.
- 精神分裂症带有比焦虑症更大的耻辱感,抑郁症的耻辱感是性别的,有利于女性而不是男性.
- 应量身定制反耻辱干预措施,以解决特定的疾病和性别相关的看法,以获得最大的影响.
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