美国对批准的裂护理的地理空间需求
Matthew J Parham1, Austin D Williams1, Sarah A Layon1
1From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.; and Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex.
Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open
|August 27, 2024
概括
地理信息系统 (GIS) 确定了美国的县,对裂护理的获取有限. 裂口护理需求指数 (CCDI) 突出了需要改善裂口儿童进入的领域.
科学领域:
- 地理空间健康分析
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
- 医疗保健获取研究研究
背景情况:
- 地理信息系统 (GIS) 对于理解影响医疗保健获取的地理空间因素至关重要.
- 患有裂唇和/或 palatal (CL/P) 患者需要持续的,多学科的护理,使得及时访问至关重要.
- 这项研究确定了美国有限制进入美国裂口口腔协会批准的裂口口腔团队的县.
研究的目的:
- 采用人口层面分析和地理信息系统 (GIS) 确定美国面临进入专业裂护理方面的挑战的县.
- 开发和应用一个新的指标,裂护理需求指数 (CCDI),用于量化裂护理的可访问性.
- 为裂护理服务提供有针对性的干预措施和战略规划提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用来自国家生命统计系统的出生率数据和来自美国人口普查局的人口数据.
- 纳入社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 来评估社会经济差异.
- 使用CL/P出生,人口估计,SVI和到护理中心的距离计算了裂护理需求指数 (CCDI).
主要成果:
- 确定了92个县的CCDI在66.7到100之间,这表明存在重大进入障碍.
- 德克萨斯州的希达尔戈县 (Hidalgo County) 获得了最高的分数,有大量的CL/P分娩,人口庞大,护理距离极大 (368.4公里),SVI高 (0.99).
- CCDI有效量化了患者需求,社会经济因素和地理隔离的交集.
结论:
- 地理信息系统的分析有效地识别了有限的专业裂护理团队的地区.
- CCDI提供了对裂口护理需求的全面衡量,考虑了疾病负担,社会脆弱性和地理障碍.
- 结果可以指导资源分配,外展计划,以及裂口护理中心的战略发展.
相关概念视频
Habitat Fragmentation
Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
Thermal Stress
If the temperature of an object is changed while it is prevented from expanding or contracting, the object is subjected to stress. The stress is compressive if the object expands in the absence of constraint and tensile if it contracts. This stress resulting from temperature change is known as thermal stress. It can be quite large and can cause damage. To avoid this stress, engineers may design components so they can expand and contract freely. For instance, on highways, gaps are deliberately...
Space Trusses
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. The space truss is widely used in various construction projects due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads.
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
Selected Data About Geographic Locations
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
GIS Software, Hardware, and Sources of GIS Data
A Geographic Information System (GIS) combines specialized software and hardware to effectively manage, analyze, and present spatial and related data. GIS software includes critical functionalities such as a user interface for easy navigation, database management tools for handling spatial and attribute data, and data retrieval features for efficient access. Analytical tools transform raw data into insights, while display functions produce maps and reports in various formats for effective...
Manipulation and Analysis
GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...


