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相关概念视频

From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

18.1K
The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
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Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

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Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
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Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

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One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
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Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
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The Central Dogma01:25

The Central Dogma

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Overview
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers
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Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers

Published on: June 24, 2019

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一种统计物理方法来优化编码子使用.

David Luna-Cerralbo1,2, Irene Blasco-Machín3, Susana Adame-Pérez3

  • 1Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zaragoza, c/ Pedro Cerbuna s/n, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.

Computational and structural biotechnology journal
|August 27, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

一个新的统计物理模型,即近邻 (NN) 模型,通过考虑子相互作用来优化蛋白质表达. 这种方法在体内显著提高了蛋白质的生产,为生物技术和mRNA疗法提供了优势.

关键词:
编码优化 - 编码优化最接近邻居的互动.蛋白质表达方式 蛋白质表达方式统计物理模型的模型.这是一种mRNA疫苗.

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Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation
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Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation

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Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues
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Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues

Published on: July 14, 2015

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers
10:41

Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers

Published on: June 24, 2019

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Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation
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Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation

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Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues
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Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
  • 生物技术是生物技术.

背景情况:

  • 编码优化旨在通过调整编码序列来最大限度地提高特定宿主中的蛋白质表达.
  • 目前的方法缺乏共识,通常依赖于用户定义的启发式.
  • 需要更有效和数据驱动的编码子优化策略.

研究的目的:

  • 引入一种新的统计物理模型来优化子,即近邻 (NN) 相互作用模型.
  • 评估NN模型的性能与现有的商业工具和更简单的方法相比.
  • 证明NN模型在增强异质蛋白表达方面的有效性.

主要方法:

  • 开发了基于统计物理原理的近邻 (NN) 相互作用模型.
  • 使用NN模型为目标蛋白设计的编码子序列.
  • 将NN模型的预测与商业代优化工具和更简单的方法 (Ind) 相比较.
  • 评估了人类细胞系和小鼠模型中对记者蛋白 luciferase 优化序列的翻译性能.

主要成果:

  • 在没有明确的CAI优化的情况下,NN模型实现了与商业算法可比的Codon适应指数 (CAI) 值.
  • 在蛋白质表达方面,NN模型在Ind方法上表现出优越的性能.
  • 使用NN方法优化的序列在体内产生了最高的蛋白质表达.

结论:

  • 最近邻 (NN) 交互模型为编码子优化提供了一个统计学上强大的方法.
  • 该NN模型显示了改善异质蛋白表达的显著潜力.
  • 这种模型可能有利于生物技术应用,包括基于mRNA的疗法.