评估欧洲监狱人口和工作人员的疫苗犹和疫苗素养:一项多中心观察性研究
D Petri1, M Fornili2, E De Vita1
1Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Vaccine: X
|August 27, 2024
概括
由于不信任和担忧,在监狱中对疫苗的犹很高,特别是在年轻人和移民群体中. 提高疫苗素养的教育干预措施可以提高这种脆弱环境中的疫苗接种率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生识字 卫生识字
背景情况:
- 疫苗接种是一个关键的公共卫生干预措施,但由于近距离和人口流动等因素,监狱的覆盖率很低.
- 监狱人口往往是脆弱的,可能有独特的障碍,无法获得医疗保健和接种疫苗.
- 了解疫苗犹和识字对于设计监狱中有效的疫苗接种策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计四个欧洲国家的监禁人员和监狱工作人员中疫苗犹和疫苗素养的流行情况.
- 为了确定这一群体中疫苗犹的关键组成部分.
- 评估疫苗犹,疫苗素养,一般健康素养和以前拒绝接种疫苗之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及13所监狱847名囚犯和755名工作人员的横截面研究.
- 通过结构化调查问卷收集数据,评估疫苗犹 (使用探索性因子分析来确定组件:不信任,担忧,阴谋),疫苗素养,一般健康素养,先前拒绝接种疫苗和社会人口统计学.
- 用物流和线性回归分析来确定关联,并根据社会人口统计学变量进行调整.
主要成果:
- 确定了疫苗犹的三个主要组成部分:不信任,担忧和阴谋,解释了49%的差异,并与以前的疫苗拒绝有很强的关联 (p < 0.001).
- 年轻的参与者和移民个人表现出更高的疫苗犹;高等教育水平与较低的犹相关.
- 疫苗犹的成分与疫苗素养和一般健康素养相反相关 (p < 0.001).
结论:
- 监狱中对疫苗的犹是多方面的,与不信任,担忧和阴谋信念有关,并受到年龄,移民状况和教育的影响.
- 较低的疫苗和一般健康素养明显与增加的疫苗犹有关.
- 建议有针对性的教育干预措施,以提高监狱人口和工作人员的疫苗素养,以改善疫苗接种率.
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