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精英足球中的外部负载评估:用IMU技术对比赛结果和比赛地点的影响
Héctor Gadea-Uribarri1, Carlos Lago-Fuentes2, Ainhoa Bores-Arce2
1Faculty of Education, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, 37002 Salamanca, Spain.
Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology
|August 27, 2024
概括
职业足球的外部负载要求在很大程度上是一致的,无论比赛的结果或地点如何. 只有特定的加速指标显示了微小的差异,突出了需要个性化训练负载管理的需求.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 了解外部负载需求对于优化职业足球训练和表现至关重要.
- 之前的研究已经探讨了影响球员负载的各种因素,但比赛结果和位置在足球中的具体影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估职业足球运动员在主场和客场比赛中所经历的外部负载需求.
- 确定比赛结果 (胜负) 和比赛地点是否会影响这些外部负载参数.
- 根据匹配特定的外部负载数据来告知季节性微循环规划.
主要方法:
- 在15场比赛中,使用OLIVER设备从10名西班牙甲级足球联赛球员那里收集了外部负载数据.
- 使用Bonferroni后期测试的单变通用线性模型 (GLM) 分析来分析比赛结果和位置的影响.
- 评估了关键的外部负载变量,包括加速指标和不同速度行驶的距离.
主要成果:
- 在比较主场和客场比赛或比赛结果时,没有发现整体外部负载的显著差异.
- 值得注意的例外是加速的数量和距离在2到3米/秒之间2,在主场胜利中比客场胜利更高 (p <0.05).
- 低到中速的距离也显示出受位置和结果影响的变化,尽管在所有指标上都不一致.
结论:
- 比赛地点和结果通常不会显著改变职业足球中的外部负载需求.
- 特定的加速特征和低至中速距离代表了这些因素影响的潜在区域.
- 这些发现支持对足球运动员进行个性化训练负载处方 (剂量) 的重要性,以确保整个赛季的最佳表现.
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