挪威的物质使用和驾驶员死亡:一个扩展的病例控制研究
Hallvard Gjerde1, Ragnhild Elen Gjulem Jamt1, Jo Steinson Stenehjem2,3
1Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Traffic injury prevention
|August 27, 2024
概括
在酒精或毒品影响下驾驶显著增加了致命事故的风险. 多种物质的使用,特别是与酒精的使用,构成最大的危险,其次是兴奋剂的使用.
科学领域:
- 道路安全研究 道路安全研究
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 驾驶障碍,尤其是酒精,是交通事故的已知危险因素.
- 各种精神活性药物和联合物质使用对驾驶员死亡事故的影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 通过增加样本大小来扩大以前关于物质使用和驾驶员死亡的研究.
- 提高分析单一和组合物质使用对驾驶员死亡影响的统计能力.
主要方法:
- 在挪威 (2005-2020年) 进行了一项病例控制研究,涉及1197名致命受伤的司机 (病例) 和17219名随机驾驶员 (对照).
- 分析血液和口腔液体样本以检测酒精和毒品.
- 无条件后勤回归用于计算驾驶员死亡事故的调整几率比率 (aOR),控制人口统计和上下文因素.
主要成果:
- 酒精使用显示,驾驶员死亡事故的高aOR为91.
- 兴奋剂使用 (安非他胺) 的aOR为22,二zepines/z-hypnotics (BZDs) 的aOR为4.0,而四大麻素 (THC) 的aOR为3.4.
- 任何多种物质的使用都显示出168的非常高的aOR,BZD和兴奋剂或THC的组合显示出明显增加的死亡风险.
结论:
- 酒精和多种物质的使用是致命道路交通伤害的关键预测因素.
- 兴奋剂的使用也是导致驾驶员死亡的重要危险因素.
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