超材料的损坏可编程设计实现了自然界中存在的抗裂机制
Zhenyang Gao1,2, Xiaolin Zhang1,2, Yi Wu3,4,5,6
1State Key Labortory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Nature communications
|August 27, 2024
概括
在大自然的启发下,这项研究引入了具有可工程微纤维的可损坏可编程元材料. 机器学习加速了模仿自然硬化的设计,显著提高了耐损材料的断裂能量吸收.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 机械工程 机械工程
- 生物模拟学是一种生物模拟学.
背景情况:
- 人工超材料通常由于有限的裂传播阻力而表现出灾难性的故障.
- 像骨头和陶这样的自然材料利用微观结构来控制裂路径和提高性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种系统的设计方法,以自然增强机制为灵感,对可编程损坏的超材料进行设计.
- 在超材料细胞内设计微纤维,用于空间控制的微尺度裂行为.
主要方法:
- 使用一种以自然为灵感的方法,用可工程微纤维设计超材料.
- 应用机器学习作为设计引擎,以加速损伤可编程细胞的生成.
- 实施硬化功能,如裂纹曲,偏移和屏蔽.
主要成果:
- 与传统的元材料相比,在断裂能量吸收方面取得了显著的增强,高达1,235%.
- 证明了抗裂纹机制,包括裂纹尖端相互作用,屏蔽和桥梁.
- 通过工程微结构成功优化了裂痕路径编程.
结论:
- 拟议的设计方法可以创建具有先进硬化功能的可编程损坏的元材料.
- 这种方法可显著改善工程材料的断裂阻力和吸收能量.
- 对设计耐损材料和轻量化系统的广泛影响,以提高性能.
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