瘤突变负担:临床实用性,挑战和新兴改进
Jan Budczies1,2,3, Daniel Kazdal4,5,6, Michael Menzel4,6
1Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. jan.budczies@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
Nature reviews. Clinical oncology
|August 27, 2024
概括
瘤突变负担 (TMB) 预测了对癌症免疫疗法的反应. 目前正在进行的研究加强了TMB评估,并将其与其他生物标志物相结合,以改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 瘤突变负担 (TMB) 是癌症基因组内体突变的数量,因癌症类型而异.
- TMB是一种经过验证的生物标志物,用于预测对免疫检查点抑制剂的反应,导致像布罗利祖马布这样的批准用于高TMB的瘤.
- 目前的研究解决了TMB评估的局限性,并探索了其更广泛的临床实用性.
研究的目的:
- 审查瘤突变负担 (TMB) 研究的现状和未来方向.
- 突出TMB评估方法和概念框架的进步.
- 强调TMB与其他生物标志物的整合,以加强癌症治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 对TMB作为预测生物标志物的回顾性和前性研究进行审查.
- 分析用于TMB评估的实验室质量控制方面的进展,解决面板范围和瘤纯度.
- 探索精细的TMB概念 (克隆性,持久性,HLA纠正的TMB,新抗原负载,突变特征).
- 检查TMB与PD-L1,微卫星不稳定性和免疫基因表达等生物标志物的整合.
主要成果:
- TMB已被确立为免疫检查点抑制剂反应的预测生物标志物.
- 研究在提高TMB测量准确性和完善其定义方面取得了进展.
- 将TMB与其他生物标志物的整合显示出个性化癌症治疗的前景.
结论:
- 了解TMB在癌症病原和免疫识别中的作用对于瘤学至关重要.
- 持续发展的TMB评估和与其他生物标志物的整合将推进精确瘤学.
- 需要进一步的研究,以确定最佳的TMB值和适用于所有癌症类型.
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