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PSAT1独特的催化特性介导了对谷氨胺阻断的代谢适应
Yijian Qiu1, Olivia T Stamatatos1, Qingting Hu1,2
1Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
Nature metabolism
|August 27, 2024
概括
癌细胞通过调节血清蛋白合成途径 (SSP) 以产生α-甲酸盐 (α-KG) 来适应谷氨酸饥饿. 针对这种适应性途径与谷氨胺酶 (GLS) 抑制剂协同作用,抑制瘤生长.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 癌症新陈代谢 癌症新陈代谢
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 培养的癌细胞通常依赖于通过谷氨酸酶 (GLS) 的谷氨酸代谢.
- 这种谷氨胺依赖性可以在瘤微环境中消失,限制GLS抑制剂的临床疗效.
- 了解癌细胞对营养压力的适应对于开发有效疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究乳腺癌细胞对谷氨酸饥饿或GLS抑制的适应机制.
- 在营养有限的条件下,确定关键的代谢途径和参与癌细胞存活的酶.
- 探索针对癌症代谢脆弱性的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 利用培养的乳腺癌细胞,并分析了代谢途径的改变.
- 研究了AMP激活蛋白激酶 (AMPK) 在调节代谢途径中的作用.
- 通过血清合成途径 (SSP) 评估了血清素和α-谷氨酸 (α-KG) 的产生.
- 研究了氨酸转移酶1 (PSAT1) 在α-KG生产中的功能.
- 在临床前模型中评估了SSP和GLS联合抑制的疗效.
主要成果:
- 胺成的乳腺癌细胞通过AMPK通过SSP升调而适应胺饥饿或GLS抑制.
- 在这些条件下,上调的SSP的主要代谢输出是α-KG,而不是血清.
- 素氨基转移酶1 (PSAT1) 在谷氨酸耗尽时,在持续的α-KG生产中起着关键作用.
- 抵抗谷氨胺饥饿或GLS抑制的癌细胞表现出对SSP衍生的α-KG的强烈依赖.
- 抑制SSP阻止了对谷氨胺阻塞的适应,并与GLS抑制剂协同作用,抑制瘤生长.
结论:
- 癌症中的代谢冗余取决于环境,并受到酶催化特性的影响.
- 乳腺癌细胞可以通过SSP重新引导新陈代谢以产生α-KG来适应谷氨酸缺乏.
- 将SSP与GLS抑制剂结合的向是克服癌症治疗中抗性的有希望的治疗策略.
- 这些发现对设计针对代谢脆弱性的癌症疗法具有重大意义.
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