头部定向如何构建婴儿视觉注意力的发展变化
John M Franchak1, Linda Smith2, Chen Yu3
1Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA.
Developmental psychobiology
|August 28, 2024
概括
随着婴儿的成长,他们学会协调眼睛和头部的运动,以更好地视觉聚焦. 在他们看来,年龄较大的婴儿优先考虑中心的玩具,而不是他们的照顾者.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 婴儿视觉行为婴儿视觉行为
背景情况:
- 传统的婴儿注意力研究使用基于屏幕的任务.
- 现实世界的视觉探索涉及协调的眼睛和头部运动.
- 对婴儿如何通过凝视控制来构建视觉体验的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查婴儿如何协调眼睛和头部的运动从9到24个月.
- 在现实环境中检查视觉注意力策略的发展.
- 了解婴儿如何在以头为中心的视野 (FOV) 中定位目标.
主要方法:
- 在9~24个月大的婴儿玩时,头部安装的眼睛跟踪.
- 在以头部为中心的FOV内测量眼动和目标方向.
- 观察婴儿与护理人员和玩具的互动.
主要成果:
- 随着年龄的增长,婴儿越来越多地将玩具放在他们的FOV中,将注意力从照顾者的脸上转移.
- 长时间观看时,脸部和玩具都能更好地集中,这表明持续的注意力.
- 手动操作无法解释观察到的FOV偏差;持有玩具的中心位置比不持有玩具的中心位置差.
结论:
- 婴儿的视觉探索策略在9至24个月之间显著发展.
- 包括注意力,运动技能,认知和社交互动在内的发育因素影响着凝视控制.
- 视觉目标的集中与年龄相关的变化反映了发展注意力优先级和目光控制机制.
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