绘制墨西哥潜在可避免的过早死亡率:次国家,性别和年龄组的趋势
Andrés Castañeda Prado1,2, Iliana Yaschine Arroyo3, Guillermo Salinas-Escudero4
1Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuidad de México, México.
Cadernos de saude publica
|August 28, 2024
概括
墨西哥从2000年到2019年,潜在可避免的过早死亡率 (PAPM) 减少. 然而,可预防的死亡人数超过了可治疗的死亡人数,性别和州级差异显著,特别是工作年龄男性的死亡人数上升趋势.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 潜在可避免的过早死亡率 (PAPM) 是医疗保健系统绩效和社会福祉的关键指标.
- 了解PAPM的趋势和差异对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 之前的研究已经强调了死亡率模式的变化,但需要在墨西哥人口统计和地理上进行全面的分析.
研究的目的:
- 分析2000年至2019年墨西哥潜在可避免的过早死亡率 (PAPM) 的国家和地方趋势.
- 根据年龄组,性别和墨西哥各州的PAPM率的差异.
- 在整体PAPM中区分潜在可预防的过早死亡率 (PPPM) 和潜在可治疗的过早死亡率 (PTPM).
主要方法:
- 利用墨西哥2000年至2019年的全国死亡率数据.
- 计算的潜在可避免的过早死亡率 (PAPM),分为PPPM和PTPM.
- 员工结合点分析以确定趋势分析的年平均百分比变化 (AAPC).
- 进行了地方性分析,以确定不同性别和年龄组的州特定趋势.
主要成果:
- 在2000年至2019年期间,全国PAPM的死亡率从每10万人口中的297人降至281人.
- 潜在可预防的过早死亡率 (170/100,000) 高于潜在可治疗的过早死亡率 (111/100,000).
- 观察到显著的基于性别的差异,特别是在劳动年龄人口中,男性的上升趋势.
- 国家层面的分析显示出相当大的差异,一些地区显示PAPM下降,而另一些地区显示增加,特别是PTPM.
结论:
- 虽然墨西哥的PAPM总体减少了,但在年龄,性别和地理区域之间仍然存在显著的差异.
- 与PTPM相比,PPPM的负担更高表明需要解决可预防疾病的根本原因.
- 需要采取有针对性的干预措施,以应对特定子组 (如工作年龄的男性) 中日益增长的PAPM趋势,并减轻州一级的差异,以实现更公平的公共卫生环境.
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