人类外骨合模拟用于使用肩膀,脊椎和膝关节驱动外骨进行举重任务.
Asif Arefeen1, Ting Xia2, Yujiang Xiang1
1School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2024
概括
这项研究开发了一种优化的外骨系统,用于举重任务,显著减少人类关节扭矩和肌肉激活. 先进的模型支持膝盖,脊柱和肩膀运动,以提高安全性和效率.
科学领域:
- 生物力学和机器人技术
- 人与计算机的交互
- 人体工程学和职业安全
背景情况:
- 手动举重任务带来了肌肉骨损伤的重大风险.
- 外骨技术为减少身体压力提供了潜在的解决方案.
- 优化外骨架辅助需要精确的人机交互模型.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一个2D人类骨模型与膝盖,脊柱和肩膀外骨架集成.
- 用逆动力学优化来预测最佳的起重运动和外骨扭矩支.
- 为了最大限度地减少人类的关节扭矩在提升任务与外骨架辅助.
主要方法:
- 一个2D的人类骨模型利用Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) 代表力学和动力学.
- 反向动力学优化整合了外骨架中直流电机的电力学动力学.
- 在物理和任务限制下,SNOPT (基于梯度的优化器) 用于最大限度地降低正方形正常化的人类关节扭矩.
主要成果:
- 外骨架辅助大大降低了人类关节扭矩要求.
- 结合角度,扭矩和地面反应力 (GRF) 配置文件的比较,带有和没有外骨架支.
- 实验数据显示,在使用膝关节外骨架时,肌肉激活显著减少 (高达35%).
结论:
- 开发的模型有效地预测了最佳的提升策略和外骨扭矩.
- 集成的膝盖,脊椎和肩部外骨架支显著降低了体力劳动.
- 外骨在减少受伤风险和提高手动处理任务的效率方面表现有前途.
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