向精英三项运动员应用整体伤害预防方法
Héctor Arévalo-Chico1, Sergio Sellés-Pérez1, Roberto Cejuela1
1Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2024
概括
一个整体的训练预防计划显著减少了精英三项运动员过度使用的伤害. 创伤伤害仍然不可预测,男性更容易受到伤害,女性更容易过度使用伤害.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 伤害预防 预防伤害
背景情况:
- 关于专门针对三项运动员的伤害预防计划的研究有限.
- 精英三项运动员面临着独特的训练要求和受伤风险.
- 需要采用综合方法,将训练负载管理和力量训练整合在一起.
研究的目的:
- 评估精英三项运动员整体训练预防计划 (HITP) 的有效性.
- 在三年时间内分析受伤发生率,类型和缺勤率.
- 为了确定三项运动员的性别特定的受伤模式.
主要方法:
- 实施HITP,包括疲劳监测,有针对性的力量训练,骑自行车技能和恢复策略.
- 从2021-2023年开始收集关于受伤发生,类型和训练/比赛缺席的数据.
- 包括来自单一训练组的18名男性和10名女性精英三项运动员.
主要成果:
- 总共记录了24起伤害 (0.65每1000小时),其中有14起创伤性伤害 (TIs) 和10起过度使用伤害 (OIs).
- 46.4%的参与者没有受伤; 71.4%没有OI. 平均缺勤时间为每次受伤17.3天.
- 男人患有更多的TI,而女性更容易患上OI.
结论:
- 在精英三项运动员中,HITP有效降低了OI和重伤的发生率.
- 由于其固有的不可预测性,TI并没有减少.
- 针对女性三项运动员的OI有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
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